Proteomics focuses on the dynamic description of gene regulation, quantitative determination of protein levels of gene expression, identification of the effects of diseases and drugs on life processes, and explanation of the mechanism of gene expression regulation. As a science, proteomics research is not from zero Initially, it is an extension of the protein (peptide) profile and gene product mapping technology that has been used for more than 20 years. Peptide mapping relies on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and further image analysis; and gene The product profile depends on a variety of analysis after separation, such as mass spectrometry, amino acid composition analysis, etc.
Due to the existence of variable editing and RNA editing, many genes can express a variety of different proteins. Therefore, the complexity of the proteome is much higher than the complexity of the genome.
If the entire genome sequence of a species has been deciphered, it does not mean that the proteome of that species has also been deciphered. The specific analysis of the protein product of a gene should be determined by comprehensively modifying and regulating the genome level, transcription level and translation level.