Traditionally, crude oil is called crude oil. A dark-brown viscous oily liquid with green fluorescence and a special smell. It is a mixture of a variety of liquid hydrocarbons such as alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons and alkenes.
The main components are carbon and hydrogen, accounting for 83 to 87% and 11 to 14% respectively; there are also a small amount of sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen and trace amounts of phosphorus, arsenic, potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, nickel, iron, Elements such as vanadium. The specific gravity is 0.78～0.97, the molecular weight is 280～300, and the freezing point is -50～24℃. Crude oil can be refined and processed to obtain a variety of fuel oil, solvent oil, lubricants, grease, paraffin, asphalt, liquefied petroleum gas, aromatics and other products, providing fuel, raw materials and chemical products for various sectors of the national economy.
On October 27, 2017, the list of carcinogens published by the International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organization was initially compiled for reference. Crude oil was included in the list of three types of carcinogens.