Reflected wave overview
When a smooth interface of two different media is encountered in electromagnetic wave propagation, specular reflection occurs if the interface size is much larger than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave. Since the earth and the atmosphere are different media, the incident wave will reflect at the interface. Generally, when considering the reflection of the electromagnetic wave on the ground, the reflection process is performed according to the plane, that is, the reflection angle of the electromagnetic wave at the reflection point is equal to the incident angle. The reflection characteristics of different interfaces are characterized by reflection coefficients, which are defined as the ratio of the reflected wave field strength to the incident wave field strength.