A Sub-system Of Terrestrial Ecosystem

The soil ecosystem is a sub-system of the terrestrial ecosystem, and its structure includes: ① Producers. Higher plant roots, algae and chemotrophic bacteria. ② Consumers. Herbivores and carnivores in the soil. ③ Decomposers. Bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and scavengers, etc. ④ Inorganic and organic substances that participate in the material cycle. ⑤Environmental factors such as water, gas, and solid matter in the soil. The structure of the soil ecosystem mainly depends on the biological components and their numbers that make up the system, the temporal and spatial distribution of biological components in the system and their mutual nutritional relationships, as well as the number and temporal and spatial distribution of non-biological components. The function of soil ecosystem mainly expresses the speed, intensity of material flow and energy flow in the system, as well as the circulation and transmission mode. The above-mentioned functions of different soil ecosystems are different, reflecting the essence of different soil productivity. The structure and function of the soil ecosystem can be adjusted and improved through man-made management measures. The ability and level of material transformation and energy circulation in the soil, the activity of soil organisms, the balance of nutrients and water in the soil and their impact on the environment are the main connotations of soil ecosystem research.