In order to explain the fact that the linear spectrum of hydrogen atoms, Rutherford's student Bohr accepted Planck’s quantum theory and Einstein’s concept of photons. Based on the planetary model, he proposed an atom with a layered arrangement of extranuclear electrons. Structural model. The basic point of view of Bohr's atomic structure model is:
① The electrons in the atom move around the nucleus on a circular orbit with a certain radius and do not radiate energy.
Bohr's atomic model
Bohr's atomic model
②The electrons moving on different orbits have different energy (E), and the energy is quantized. The orbital energy value increases with the increase of n (1, 2, 3,...), n is called quantum number. The different tracks are named K(n=1), L(n=2), M(n=3), N(n=4), O(n=5), P(n=6) , Q (n=7).
③When and only when an electron transitions from one orbit to another, it will radiate or absorb energy. If the radiated or absorbed energy is expressed and recorded in the form of light, a spectrum is formed.
Bohr's atomic model explains the linear spectrum of hydrogen atoms very well, but it can do nothing for more complex spectral phenomena.