Acid battery charging and discharging principle
The two sets of plates of the lead battery are chemically changed into a dilute sulfuric acid solution to generate a voltage. When DC is applied (charging), the lead oxide on the positive electrode plate turns into brown lead dioxide (PbO2), and the lead oxide on the negative plate becomes gray fleece lead (Pb, also called sponge). lead). When the lead storage battery is discharged, the active material on the positive and negative plates absorbs sulfuric acid and chemically changes, and gradually becomes lead sulfate (PbSO4). When the active materials on the positive and negative plates become the same lead sulfate, The voltage of the battery drops to no longer discharge. At this point, the battery needs to be charged to restore it to the original lead dioxide and fleece lead, so that the battery can continue to discharge.