Classification of mechanical properties
Often said mechanical properties are: elasticity, plasticity, stiffness, age sensitivity, strength, hardness, impact toughness, fatigue strength and fracture toughness.
Elasticity: When a metal material is deformed by an external force, it can restore its original shape when the external force is removed.
Plasticity: The ability of a metal material to produce permanent deformation without causing damage under external force.
Stiffness: The ability of a metal material to resist elastic deformation when stressed.
Strength: The ability of a metal material to resist deformation and fracture under external forces.
Hardness: The ability of a metal material to resist the intrusion of a harder object into it.
Impact toughness: The ability of a metal material to resist fracture under impact loads.
Fatigue strength: The maximum stress that does not cause fracture when the metal material is subjected to numerous repetitions or alternating loads.
Fracture toughness: a performance index used to reflect the ability of a material to resist crack instability and expansion.