Structure of a gasoline engine
1. Body
The body is the assembly base of the various parts of the engine. It includes a cylinder head, a cylinder block, and a lower crankcase (oil sump). The cylinder head and the inner wall of the cylinder block together form part of the combustion chamber. Many parts of the body are part of other systems.
2. Crank and link mechanism
It is a mechanism by which the engine generates and transmits power, by which the linear reciprocating motion of the piston is converted into the rotational motion of the crankshaft to output power. It includes a piston, a piston pin, a connecting rod, a crankshaft with a flywheel, and a cylinder block.
3. Gas distribution mechanism
Including intake and exhaust valves, valve lifters and camshafts and camshaft timing gears (driven by crankshaft timing gears). Its function is to make the combustible mixture charge into the cylinder in time and discharge the exhaust gas from the cylinder in time.
4. Fuel supply system
The gasoline engine fuel supply system includes a gasoline tank, a gasoline pump, a gasoline filter, an air cleaner, a carburetor, an intake pipe, an exhaust pipe, an exhaust muffler, and the like. Its function is to mix gasoline and air into a suitable combustible mixture to be supplied to the cylinder for combustion, and exhaust gas generated by combustion is exhausted from the engine.
5. Cooling system
It mainly includes water pumps, radiators, phoenix fans, water pipes and cylinder blocks, and water jackets in the cylinder head. Its function is to dissipate the heat of the high-heat parts to the atmosphere to ensure the normal operation of the engine.
6. Lubrication system
Including oil pump, pressure limiting valve, lubricating oil passage, filter, oil filter and oil radiator. Its function is to supply lubricating oil to the friction member to reduce the frictional resistance between them, reduce the wear of the machine parts, and partially cool the friction parts to clean the friction surface.
7. Starting system
It includes a starting mechanism for the engine and its attachments.