Yeast reproductive methods are divided into two categories: asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction.
Asexual reproduction includes: budding, fission, and bud splitting.
Sexual reproduction: ascospores.
Budding: This is the main way for yeast to reproduce asexually. The mature yeast cell first grows a small bud. The bud cell grows to a certain extent, breaks away from the mother cell and continues to grow, and then forms a new individual. There are sprouting at one end, sprouting at both ends, sprouting at three ends and sprouting at multiple ends.
Fission: A few types of yeasts, like bacteria, reproduce through horizontal cell division.
Bud cleavage: The mother cell always buds at one end and forms a septum at the base of the bud. The daughter cells are bottle-shaped. This way is rare.
Ascospores: When the nutritional status is not good, some yeasts that can carry out sexual reproduction will form spores (generally four), and they will germinate when the conditions are right. Some yeasts, such as Candida (or Candida, Candida) cannot reproduce sexually.