In 1794, the Englishman Stett put forward the idea of mixing fuel and air to form a combustible mixture for combustion.
In 1801, the Frenchman Leben proposed the principle of the gas generator.
In 1824, French thermal engineer Sadie Carnot revealed the theory of the "Carnot cycle" in the book "Investigation on Firepower and the Internal Combustion Engine That Generates".
In 1859, France's Lenoir replaced the steam of a reciprocating steam engine with a mixture of gas and air, which was ignited by electric spark and burned to form a two-stroke gas internal combustion engine. Both France and Britain produced a small batch.
In 1861, France's De Rorschach proposed a four-stroke internal combustion engine working cycle method with constant volume combustion of intake, compression, work, and exhaust. On January 16, 1862, it was granted a patent by the French authorities.
In 1866, German engineer Nicholas Otto successfully trial-produced an epoch-making vertical four-stroke internal combustion engine in power history. In 1876, the first practical piston four-stroke gas internal combustion engine was trial-produced. This single-cylinder horizontal gas generator with a power of 2.9kw has a compression ratio of 2.5 and a speed of 250r/min. This internal combustion engine is known as the Otto internal combustion engine. Otto received a patent on August 4, 1877. Later, people have always called the four-stroke cycle Otto cycle. Otto went down in history as the founder of the internal combustion engine, whose invention laid the foundation for the invention of the automobile.
Otto internal combustion engine
The German who had worked with Otto G. Daimler invented the gasoline-vapor internal combustion engine that burns the by-product of kerosene for refining lamps. It obtained a patent in 1883. It installed this internal combustion engine on a wooden bicycle in 1885 and installed it on a four-wheeled carriage the following year. In the same year, Benz of Germany installed a gasoline internal combustion engine on a tricycle. These self-propelled vehicles were called the beginning of cars and motorcycles.