How does the torque converter work?
(1) Mechanical energy → kinetic energy process: The pump wheel is driven to rotate by the engine, pushing the liquid to rotate around its axis with the pump wheel, so that it obtains a certain speed (kinetic energy) and pressure. The speed is determined by the radius and speed of the pump wheel.
(2) Kinetic energy→Mechanical energy process: The liquid is rushed to the turbine by the kinetic energy, acting on the blade with one thrust, pushing the turbine to rotate together, and the turbine obtains a certain torque (mechanical energy). A small amount of liquid kinetic energy is consumed by frictional heat generation in the high-speed flow.
(3) The process of momentum moment change: the guide wheel is fixed, and there is no mechanical energy conversion when the liquid flows. Due to the change of the shape of the guide vane (the area of the inlet and outlet blades is different), the flow velocity and direction change, and the momentum moment changes. The moment of momentum variation depends on the change in blade area.