Electronegativity is a set of relative values that indicate the attraction of an atom to electrons when a molecule forms a bond. Electronegativity takes into account the ionization energy and electron affinity energy. It was first developed by Linus Karl Pauling (LC Pauling) Proposed in 1932. The greater the electronegativity value of the element, the stronger the attraction of the atom to the bonding electrons when forming a chemical bond.
Calculation method
There are many methods for calculating electronegativity, and the value of electronegativity for each method is different, and there are three representative ones.
① The scale proposed by Pauling. According to thermochemical data and molecular bond energy, the electronegativity of fluorine is specified as 3.98, and the relative electronegativity of other elements is calculated.
②The absolute electronegativity calculated by Millikan from the ionization potential and electron affinity energy.
③ The electronegativity proposed by Allais based on the electrostatic interaction of electrons between the nucleus and the bonding atoms. When using electronegativity values, the same set of values must be used for comparison.