(l) Non-independent suspension: Install the non-independent suspension wheels on both ends of an integral axle, so that when one wheel is running and beating, it will affect the other side of the wheel to make a corresponding jump, causing the entire body to vibrate or tilt. Cars adopting this suspension system generally have poor stability and comfort, but due to their simple structure and large bearing capacity, the suspension is mostly used in trucks, ordinary passenger cars and some other special vehicles.
(2) Independent suspension: The independent suspension axle is divided into two sections, and each wheel is independently installed under the frame with a coil spring, so that when one wheel bounces, the other wheel is not affected, and the vibration of the body is greatly reduced. , The comfort of the car has also been greatly improved, especially when driving on high-speed roads, it can also improve the driving stability of the car. However, this kind of suspension structure is more complicated, the bearing capacity is small, and it also complicates the car's drive system and steering system. The front and rear suspensions of most cars have adopted the form of independent suspension, which has become a development trend.
The independent suspension structure is divided into candle type, Macpherson type, connecting rod type and so on. Among them, the candle type and the Macpherson type are similar in shape. Both of them combine the coil spring and the shock absorber, but due to the structure There are major differences. The candle type adopts a suspension form in which the wheels move along the direction of the kingpin axis. It is named after the shape of a candle. The characteristic is that the position of the kingpin and the positioning angle of the front wheel do not change with the up and down movement of the wheels, which is beneficial to the control and stability of the car. The Macpherson type is a suspension form composed of a hinged strut and a lower cross arm. The shock absorber can double as the steering king pin, and the steering knuckle can rotate around it. The characteristic is that the position of the king pin and the positioning angle of the front wheel follow the wheel. It jumps up and down and changes, which is the opposite of the candle suspension. This kind of suspension has simple structure, compact layout, small changes in front wheel positioning, and good driving stability. Therefore, the most used independent suspension for cars is the MacPherson suspension.